Athens

La question des activités et des pratiques au cœur des « lieux de savoir », pensés comme le champ d’activités et d’expériences constitutif des sociétés humaines, offre une nouvelle approche pour se pencher sur le contexte spécifique des procès athéniens : comment les informations utiles aux procès sont-elles produites aux juges ? Si les plaignants font monter les témoins à la tribune, ils les privent de parole : à partir du début du IVe siècle, le greffier lit à leur place leur déposition, qui a été rédigée par les orateurs avant le procès. La comparaison avec les déclarations sous la torture des esclaves souligne l’absence de toute mise au jour des informations dans les témoignages des hommes libres : les plaignants donnent eux-mêmes ces informations, que les témoins ne font que muettement confirmer. Les tribunaux ne sont-ils donc pas un lieu de savoir ? Un lieu de savoir peut-il exister sans pratique du savoir ? Cet effacement de la production du savoir doit être compris à l’aune du dispositif de vérité qui prévaut dans les procès athéniens : de même que les orateurs mettent en scène la brièveté de leur propre élocution ou leur propre inexpérience, ils cherchent à dissimuler le processus de construction des savoirs pour éviter de laisser penser aux juges qu’une partie de la vérité pourrait leur être dissimulée.

Η προπτυχιακή εργασία που ακολουθεί εξετάζει αν μέσα από την λογοτεχνική γραφή του μυθιστορήματος «κερένια κούκλα» ο Κωνσταντίνος Χρηστομάνος σκιαγραφεί την Αθήνα των αρχών του 20ού αιώνα και αν δίνει μία διαυγή εικόνα της πόλης και της ζωής της στο αναγνωστικό κοινό.
Η εργασία απαρτίζεται από επτά κεφάλαια. Αρχικά, γίνεται αναφορά στη ζωή του Κωνσταντίνου Χρηστομάνου, το γενικότερο έργο του και ιδιαίτερα στην ύστατη δημιουργία του το «αθηναϊκό μυθιστόρημα», όπως τιτλοφορεί ο ίδιος, «κερένια κούκλα». Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζεται ο τρόπος με τον οποίο διαγράφεται η Αθήνα στο εν λόγω λογοτεχνικό έργο με άξονα κάποιες χαρακτηριστικές κριτικές του. Ταυτόχρονα δίνεται η ιστορική και κοινωνική πραγματικότητα της Αθήνας εκείνης της περιόδου. Ακολουθούν πίνακες με τις άμεσες αναφορές του συγγραφέα σε τοπόσημα, βουνά, κτήρια, επαγγέλματα που πλέον έχουν εκλείψει και σε πολλά άλλα στοιχεία που αποτελούν χαρακτηριστικά της εποχής, για την οποία γίνεται λόγος. Έπειτα, σχολιάζεται η λαϊκή διασκέδαση στον αστικό χώρο της «παλιάς Αθήνας», με κέντρο του ενδιαφέροντος της έρευνας, το Αθηναϊκό καρναβάλι στην Πλάκα. Τέλος, εξετάζεται το ενδεχόμενο ύπαρξης θεατρικών στοιχείων στο μυθιστόρημα λαμβάνοντας υπόψιν την συμβολή του Κωνσταντίνου Χρηστομάνου στον χώρο του νεοελληνικού θεάτρου.

It has recently been claimed that the Solonian zeugitai were well-off landowners included in the Athenian leisured class. As a result, it has been called into question the existence of a “middle class” of farmers and suggested that the thetes were regularly conscripted as hoplites in the fifth century. In these pages we reflect on who the zeugitai of the archaic and classical periods were and develop new arguments in favour of their importance as a broad group of middling peasants who owned approximately 5 ha of land and a yoke of oxen.

In this paper the rationale of the bioclimatic regeneration of part of the commercial triangle of Athens is presented. In this 11 ha area, identified by three streets in the form of a triangle, the most vivid commercial activities have been taking place, from the transformation of Athens into a capital city in the 19 th century, up to late 20 th century, when the upcoming of " malls " displaced consumption habits from small shops to large shopping centres. As it is a place that has been either within the city walls or at the outskirts since antiquity, its geometry is very much affected by ancient and medieval Athenian city planning, which is explored and highlighted in this regeneration project. The commercial triangle area today is characterised by a mixture of neo-classical and modern buildings, as well as simplexes of pedestrian streets. The landscape of the area is being reshaped as the old uses that reflect the former economic backbone of the city, are displaced or replaced by new ones which are more related to the industry of entertainment. In this paper, a brief spatial description and historical review of the area is presented, pinpointing to the political and municipal decisions that have affected the area, highlighting the conflicts that the area faces today. Existing land use is monitored in detail and compared to past ones. The sustainability rationale of the regeneration of the public spaces of this area is presented, taking into consideration environmental issues (pedestrianisation of narrow streets, environmental footprint of used or reused materials, recycling municipal waste, low energy consumption street light, construction site measures), bioclimatic issues (microclimatic considerations, surface materials, placement of vegetation in narrow streets), cultural issues (putting forward the area's historic footprint through the design) as well as social issues (conflicts that might arise from competitive or incompatible land uses), trying to achieve a holistic sustainable regeneration approach.

In Greece, energy use in the residential sector corresponds to 24.4% of the total energy use in 2014, showing an increase of 13.8% in the period 1995–2014. Although the technical characteristics of a building have a significant impact on residential energy use, the behavior of the occupant is also crucial. Our aim is to investigate the interrelationships between the energy use behavior of occupants and their socio-demographic characteristics. The data used for this study were collected through a structured questionnaire. The survey was conducted during the spring of 2016 in the city of Athens. 451 people responded. The questionnaire comprised three parts: (a) building characteristics, (b) occupants' behavior, and (c) socio-demographic profile of occupants. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the behavioral patterns (components) of occupants. Six energy behavioral patterns are identified: (a) environmentally aware, (b) environmentally friendly, (c) adopting energy saving practices, (d) having economic motivation behind energy saving practices, (e) environmentally uninvolved, and (f) environmentally unaware. These types are correlated with the socio-demographic profile of occupants highlighting the importance of gender, age, educational level, number of members per household and income in energy use and saving. In conclusion, energy behavior is quite complex and it is strongly associated with the socio-demographic characteristics. Within this context, policies regarding the improvement of energy use in residential sector should be tailored to specific needs of the target population groups. The three main axes are the increase of education level, the increase of environmental awareness of young people and the provision of financial incentives for the retrofit of energy saving devices for the citizens with lower income.

The first ever guide to the reception of classical Athenian democracy, Brill’s Companion to the Reception of Athenian Democracy delivers a fresh and wide-ranging analysis of the uses and reinterpretations of ancient Greek democracy from the late Middle Ages to the XXI century. The book’s first section explores this history from the rediscovery of classical antiquity in the Renaissance in different countries (England, France, Germany, Italy, American Republic) and ages, while the second section focuses on philosophical movements such as Marxism and on contemporary philosophers such as Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt and Michel Foucault; the last section examines the reception from the perspective of current political science. The book offers a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to this important topic by bringing together internationally recognised scholars from a variety of disciplines, including ancient and modern historians, historians of political thought, political philosop...

ABSTRACT: Our contribution puts forward an examination of public spaces as infrastructures of care. The eruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the “social distancing” measures imposed by several governments around the world, transformed the very use and conceptualization of urban public spaces. In Athens, Greece, public space, which had already been in different ways at the forefront of multifarious crises since 2010, reemerged, once again, as a critical site of sociopolitical antagonism. Public spaces, such as squares, became central places where people could come together to share knowledge and emotions, collectively alleviate anxieties, and thus (re)negotiate their positionality in the city. Such formations and enactments of social connection, affectivity, and antagonism, reflect the entanglement between everyday life and the political, and also draw attention to the association of public space with practices of care for collective well-being during precarious times. During the ever-increasing securitization and policing of urban spaces in Athens, in which everyday life has come to be ever more permeated by precarity and uncertainty, public spaces have been reenacted as safe and more inclusive environments where people can be and act together. Our contribution also employs a video to render more intelligible the affective interconnectedness of sounds, images, bodies, materialities, and practices in public space. By attending to the affective dynamics of a public square in central Athens, we examine the entanglements between the sociopolitical production of public space and forms of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. (Open Access: https://csalateral.org/forum/corona-affects-effects/public-space-infrastructure-care-protomagias-square-pandemic-kallianos-karathanasis/)

The article examines the urban economy of the famous Athenian district of Kerameikos through the restitution of the road network and the main economic activities that took place there between the Classical and Hellenistic periods, up to the Roman age, through a reconstruction carried out thanks to the literary sources and archaeological evidence.

Abstract Studies have put forward numerous factors explaining Self-Service Technology (SST) usage, but neglected the influence of the current situation (status quo) an individual encounters. We integrate the status quo concept in an extended Technology Acceptance ...

Dionysius the Areopagite, a convert of Saint Paul and the first Bishop of Athens, is nowadays the city´s patron saint. Over time he was misidentified with other people bearing the same name, however the main confusion was with Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, who made use of the Saint´s name in order to give more credit to his mystical treatises. Through a brief study of the information obtained on his life, the confusion surrounding his name and identity and his role during critical moments of the Christian history, what is intended is his importance to be comprehended, in both the Orthodox and the Catholic churches. Furthermore, an overview of the history of Athens´ patron saints is developed, starting from the goddess Athena Parthenos, who came to be worshiped as Παναγία Ἀθηνιώτισσα “Virgin of Athens”, when Greece was converted to Christianity. Therefore, Dionysius´ patron sanctity of Athens is studied, as well as the importance of this role in a Greek context, the evolution and the continuity of its expression in the city of Athens ever since the Archaic times.

La seguente presentazione dell’evoluzione di uno dei più centrali quartieri di Atene si propone di evidenziare i processi che hanno portato alla sua formazione. La storia trascurata del centro della capitale greca indica come la maggior parte degli interventi pianificatori, strutturali ed estetici della progettazione ufficiale si effettuarono in assenza delle forze vitali della città, destinate sempre al fallimento. Questa storia negata, che delinea una cupa, decadente realtà, emerge chiaramente attraverso testi letterari, canzoni, narrazioni, foto, dipinti, cartoline e film. Nel tentativo di dare alla piazza centrale, oggi chiamata Omonia, una precisa identità, si tentò diverse volte di sistemarla in modo funzionale o estetico, ignorando il rapporto essenziale tra società, uomini e spazio. Ciò condusse all’accumulazione di problemi che tuttora affliggono il centro storico di Atene.

El artículo considera la relación que guarda una política con aquellos regímenes discursivos que actúan como pensamiento de la misma, a partir de la situación de la democracia ateniense. En función de ello se aborda, por un lado, los debates historiográficos respecto de esta cuestión, y, por el otro, ciertas concepciones teórico-metodológicas susceptibles de aplicarse al análisis del asunto enunciado. Se hace especial hincapié en la importancia de las formas de subjetivación política que se organizan en torno a un proceso acontecimental y su capacidad de sustracción a los controles estatales.