Health Sciences

كچ ي هد فده و هقباس : ل ي نامش ي اهزو ب هلمج زا ي رام ي اه ي لگنا ي م تاناويح و ناسنا نيب كرتشم ي دوجو هب هراومه هك دنشاب لئاسم هدنروآ هدوب يرشب عماوج رد يتشادهب مهم سب رد و دنا ي را ي دنراد دوجو ايند قطانم زا . ج زوينامشـيل اـب يدـل اظت يراميب ءزج نوگانوگ يكينيلك تاره لگنا ياه ي ا رد عياش كيمدنا ناري يم رامش هب ـ كي و دور ي مـهم تلاضـعم زا سب رد يتشادهب ي را ي م ام روشك قطانم زا ي تسا هدش ربارب ود هتشذگ ههد رد نآ عويش هك دشاب . هـب نيـيعت روـظنم يژولويمديپا يا ناشاك ناتسرهش رد يدلج زوينامشيل هعلاطم ن لاس رد 1386 دش ماجنا . شور و داوم اه : يحارط اب هعلاطم نيا Cross-sectional يور 5098 زا هك رفن 13 ناـشاك يياتسور و يرهش هقطنم تفرگ تروص دندوب هدش باختنا يفداصت شور هب . خشت ي ص راميب ي رب يپوكـسوركيم هدهاشم و ينيلاب هنياعم ساسا تفرگ تروص مخز رد لگنا . لاطا و مـخز لحم و دادعت ،لغش ،سنج ،نس ليبق زا دارفا هب طوبرم تاع ـ ي ا اـج ي ،مـخز رات ي خ گدولآ لحم و ي ، رامآ نومزآ اب جياتن و تبث يتاعلاطا مرف رد يهاگشيامزآ و ينيلاب هنياعم هجيتن و ياكروذجم ي تفرگ رارق تواضق دروم . هتفاي اه : عويش رد ير...

Introduction: The single most important problem that India is facing now is the uncontrolled growth of population. In spite of availability of a wide range of contraceptives, mass media campaigns and IEC programs for family planning, population control still remains a distant dream to achieve. The roots of the factors influencing family planning issues are entrenched in the socio-cultural milieu of Indian society. Objectives: To determine the pattern of family planning practices and to find out its association with different socio-demographic characteristics if any. Methodology: A cross-sectional, community based study was conducted among 120 married women of 15-49 year age group in a slum of Kolkata. Results: Knowledge about different family planning methods was present among 115(95.8%) of women. The number of current users of family planning methods was 88(73.3%). Among those who were currently using contraceptive methods 76(86%) used modern methods, and 12(10%) used natural metho...

Background: Is knowledge regarding the consequences of substance use among adolescents enough to prevent them from initiating and continuing its use, is a question that needs to be clarified further? Objective: To assess the knowledge regarding harm of use and to obtain ...

Objective: Career preferences of medical trainees have the potential to shape the future of the healthcareworkforce of any nation. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence career choices ofmedical students and house officers (interns) in two institutions located in Southwest Nigeria.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst final year medical students and interns in twomedical universities and their corresponding teaching hospitals in Southwest Nigeria. A questionnairewas used to obtain socio-demographic data, career choices, reasons behind career choices and thepresence and influence of mentorship on career choices. Responses were analyzed using the StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences Version 21, and descriptive statistics generated.Results: Obstetrics & Gynecology and Surgical specialties were the most preferred career choices by themedical students, while Surgical and Medical specialties were most preferred by the interns. Personalinterest and ot...

Context: The suicides in southern India, among young men and women are the highest in the world. The suicide rate in Kerala was about 44.7 for males and 26.8 for females per lakh population, three times the national average. The present study was undertaken relating to the psychosocial investigations of suicidal attempts due to paucity of such studies in this country. Aims: To study the suicidal risk and its relationship to socio-demographic factors and preferred methods of suicidal attempts. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional hospital based study. Methods and Material: Subjects admitted at R.L.Jalappa Hospital & Research Centre, Kolar from January to December 2006 with the history of suicidal attempts were studied using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis used: The data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 11, by proportions and chi-square tests. Results: A total of 251 subjects were studied. Higher suicidal attempts (75.7%) were seen in the age group of...

Development in wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) has led to the increase in its applications in healthcare. Wireless Sensor Network application in health care is divided into two (2) wearable and implantable sensor devices. These devices allows for the monitoring and tracking of patients’ health status. Security and privacy are issues that arise from the use of these applications. The use of sensor networks for healthcare monitoring has a lot of benefits; so therefore, it is of necessity that these issues are addressed. This paper gives a survey on the security and privacy issues faced with the use of WSNs for healthcare monitoring.

Objectives: There is no single "correct" definition of poverty. However, there is consensus that any definition of poverty needs to acknowledge particular social, economic and cultural contexts. Different meanings of poverty results in different policy implementations in the context of human poverty. There is also less agreement as to whether objective or subjective definitions and measurements of poverty are more valid. Participatory approaches however point to the need to let people define for themselves what it means to be poor and define the magnitude, causes and consequences of being poor. The major focus of this paper was to clarify, explain and define the concept of poverty. Methods: A concept analysis of poverty was done using the eight steps of Walker and Avant's strategic method. Initially 20 articles from 1995-2017 were reviewed. Seven articles were later dropped and thirteen articles were finally reviewed to deduce the definition of poverty. Results: The ma...

The prevalence of obesity in under-fives in Indonesia in 2013 reaches 19.1% and increases annually. In Surabaya, the prevalence of obesity in infants reaches 10.6%. Early obesity in toddlers due to several factors, among others, nutrition during pregnancy, when first providing MPASI, heredity, health, environment, perception, activity, more caloric intake. The aim of this research is to know the difference in perception between the caregiver who is given triple C parenting treatment and which is not given treatment. The type of this research is the analytical queasy experiment with the cross-sectional approach involving 60 respondents divided 30 as control respondent and 30 as respondent treatment. The sampling used purposive sampling with perception questionnaire instrument. Analysis using Mann Whitney. The results of the test obtained mean = 2.80 median = 3.00 with p = 0.001 (p <0.005). There was a significant difference in perception on caregivers who were given triple c paren...

Background: Pneumonia is the main cause of under-five mortality worldwide with the burden highest in developing countries such as Kenya. Caregivers are the primary providers for their children and thus their knowledge could be used as a preventive measure for the disease. Methods: This cross-sectional, mixed-methods study assessed the knowledge; perceptions and practices of caregivers on pneumonia among children aged below five years at Migori County Referral Hospital, and involved 209 child-caregiver pairs. Systematic and convenience sampling were used to select the participants. Data was entered and analyzed on STATA 10. Results: The prevalence of pneumonia was 27%. More than 90% of caregivers lacked adequate knowledge regarding causes, risk factors and prevention. Management practices mostly were self-treatment with over the counter drugs and for most of the children care seeking started on the second and subsequent days of perceived onset of illness. Dietary practices among the ...

Background: Vital role of Physiotherapy in health promotion, prevention and treatment of a wide spectrum of disorders is established. Physiotherapy services have evolved from general to specialty clinical services across the world. Yet, its utilization is not studied adequately. Therefore, this study is designed to explore literature on awareness about Physiotherapy across the globe. Methods: Computerized literature search of EBSCOHOST, Cochrane reviews, PEDro database, Medline, EMBASE database and Google scholar was conducted. Cross references cited in the identified articles were screened. Selection criteria: Studies conducted from 1979 till date was included.

Background: Long jump, being a track and field event, combines speed, strength and agility to ensure performance of athlete. Literature revealed scarcity about relation of lower extremity strength and speed in long jump performance. Current study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of plyometric drills on lower extremity strength and speed among long jump athletes. Materials and Methods: Thirty subjects from Physical Training Academy were recruited for this experimental study through purposive sampling. Participants were allocated into two groups, experimental group (15 males) and control group (15 males). Pre-test analysis was performed for both groups for Static Strength, Dynamic Strength and speed using Hand Held Dynamometry, Vertical Jump Height Test and 50 Meter Dash respectively. Experimental group received Plyometric Drill in addition to conventional exercise whereas; control group received conventional exercise only for 6 weeks. Post-test analysis was conducted usi...

Background: Hamstring injuries are common in activities of daily living and sports. Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is an eccentric training of the hamstrings which can both lower the risk of hamstring strain and improve muscle performance. Fitness parameters like, muscle flexibility, strength and endurance are important for injury prevention. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate effect of Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) in improving Hamstring muscle flexibility, strength and endurance among young adults. Methodology: Forty subjects were recruited for the study through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Participants were allocated to two groups, experimental group (females= 15, males= 5) and control group (females=15, males=5) randomly. Pre test analysis was conducted for both groups for Hamstring muscle flexibility using sit and reach test, strength with Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST) and endurance with Sit to stand test. Experimental group received ...

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this research is by using sociological methods of scientific research for tracking the pain and satisfaction indicators to prove that decreasing the number of ports in the VATS (Video-assisted thoracic surgery) for Malignant Pleural Effusion reduces postoperative pain and improves patient’s satisfaction. Methods: Our study included 117 VATS procedures performed in the period from 01 January 2013 to 31 September 2016. The sociological method used to measure the pain indicator was an interview. The severity of postoperative pain was determined and reported according to a ten-point pain visual analogue scale (VAS). The degree of satisfaction was determined and reported according to a six-point and ten-point grading systems on the basis of a research interview procedure. Results: In the single-port method, the verbal pain scale for all the days covered by the research study statistically showed significantly lower values (P ˂ 0.0001) in comparison with the conventional method (P ˂ 0.0001). With regard to the patient’s satisfaction, determined on the basis of the six-point system, the results were as follows: conventional VATS approach – average 3.1 with a standard deviation of 1.1 and ranging from 0 to 5; single-port VATS approach – average 4.3 with a standard deviation of 1.0 and within the range from 0 to 6. Conventional VATS approach – 6.8 – neutral. Single-port VATS approach – 8.1 – prevailing satisfaction. Conclusions: Based on our study and the studies of other authors, it can be concluded that postoperative pain and satisfaction after VATS in patients with MPE (Malignant pleural effusion) are influenced by the number of ports and the one-port technique shows better results than the conventional three-port method. The research study was registered and approved by the Clinical Research and Ethics Committee at the ‘Prof. Dr. Stoyan Kirkovich’ AD University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment Hospital, Stara Zagora. According to Protocol No. 11, Ref. No. 12471/30.10.2015 approved are the methods used by the sociological research study which uses predefined indicators to track patients who have undergone conventional VATS and single-port VATS. Indicators: postoperative pain and satisfaction.

Objectives: The disruption of the reciprocal regulation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has been associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study assessed the levels of VEGF, PEDF, indices of glycemia, and lipid profile in diabetic patients with retinopathy. Methods: One hundred fifty participants comprised 50 type 2 diabetic patients with DR, 50 without DR and 50 non-diabetic normotensive controls, aged 30–80 years, were randomly recruited for this case-control study. The study was carried out from November 2017 to December 2018. VEGF, PEDF, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile were determined using standard methods. Blood pressures (BP) and anthropometric indices were measured. Chi-squared test of independence, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze data. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. ...