Chemistry

Systematic and uniform monolayer formation of Photosystem I (PS I) onto self-assembled monolayer (SAM) substrates to enable unidirectional electron transfer is crucial for its successful use in the fabrication of bio-hybrid solid-state electronic or photovoltaic devices. Yet, our recent studies (Mukherjee et al., 2010) indicate that surface self-assembly of PS I from aqueous buffer suspensions onto alkanethiolate SAM/Au substrates frequently leads to complex columnar structures due to solution phase protein aggregations. We investigate the effect of two prototypical non-ionic detergents, n-Dodecyl-β-D-Maltoside (DM) and Triton X-100 (TX-100), on protein-protein interactions via the protein-detergent interfacial chemistry. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments are used to demonstrate the impact of relative protein/detergent concentrations on aggregation dynamics of PS I suspensions. In turn, the surface attachment characteristics of PS I adsorbed from the aforementioned suspensions onto SAM/Au substrate is examined by atomic force (AFM) microscopy. Our results indicate that relative concentration of PS I and detergents (DM or, TX-100) with respect to their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) determines the extent of self-association between PS I complexes driven by the screening induced by detergent micelles and/or, inter-protein distances. Such interfacial phenomena during the PS I-detergent complexation process drives the colloidal system through various regimes of phase separations, suspension and/or, de-aggregation, wherein individual PS I complexes can exist in a frustrated state that prevents favorable orientations for PS I-PS I interactions. The present study presents a novel strategy, heretofore not considered, for tailoring inter-protein distances and protein-protein interactions in solution phase, thereby allowing a superior control on the surface attachment of PS I onto SAM/Au substrates.

Три английских трактата об алхимии: Прайс Дж. Эксперименты с меркурием и серебром. Бойль Р. Отчет о деградации золота. Уолл М. О происхождении и давности символов в астрономии и химии / Пер. с англ., коммент. и предисл. Ю. Ф. Родиченкова; послесл. М. Ю. Родыгина. — СПб.: Издательство «Академия исследования культуры», 2020. — 164 с.: ил. — (Серия Librarium Aureum. Opus Minus). ISBN 978-5-6045100-0-1

Авторы этих трактатов известные английские ученые XVII–XVIII веков, члены Лондонского королевского общества: молодой доктор медицины и искусный химик Джеймс Прайс написал отчет о своих экспериментах по превращению ртути в золото; прославленный Роберт Бойль, один из основателей современной химии, повествует о деградации золота в неблагородный металл, то есть о трансмутации наоборот, а доктор Мартин Уолл, обращаясь к древним текстам и изображениям, рассказывает о происхождении астрологических и алхимических символов планет.

Оглавление:

Ю. Ф. Родиченков. Три эпизода истории алхимии  ............. 4

Дж. Прайс. Отчет о нескольких экспериментах с меркурием, серебром и золотом, проделанных в Гилфорде в мае 1781 года в лаборатории Джеймса Прайса, доктора медицины, члена Королевского общества, ему
предшествует сокращенный отчет Бойля о деградации
золота  .................................................................................. 13
Введение .............................................................................. 16
Краткое изложение отчета Бойля о деградации золота 25

Р. Бойль. Отчет о деградации золота ............................. 27
Исторический отчет о деградации золота ............. 29

Дж. Прайс. Эксперименты с меркурием и серебром... 56
Эксперимент I ............................................................. 56
Эксперимент II  ........................................................... 61
Эксперимент III........................................................... 63
Эксперимент IV........................................................... 63
Эксперимент V............................................................ 64
Эксперимент VI .......................................................... 68
Эксперимент VII ......................................................... 71

М. Уолл. О происхождении и давности символов в астрономии и химии ...77

М. Ю. Родыгин. Научное искусство алхимии...................... 150

Приложение. Британские аптекарские меры веса .............. 159

This book discusses my equations (Ali’s equations) compared with related scientific papers and already made devices that are working now, these devices are made for some purposes such as:
High power energetic laser applications: such as nuclear exploration, astrophysics, Electromagnetic Bomb or Gun, Weather controlling by high density Laser (Teramobile), and so on.
Industrial applications such as: laser cutting machines, laser welding, photochemical reactions, communications, and so on.
Medicines purposes: cancer medications, dentistry’s applications, physiotherapy’s applications, laser for LASIK, Wound healing, pain relief and healing with, laser therapy, osteoarthritis, laser for Glaucoma, and so on.
I will use here in my paper some given information like (photon energies and intensities) which obtained from Device’s Catalog and then substitute these information on my equations to evaluate and modify it.
This strange idea came out after all my failed attempts to do confirmed experiments.
In this paper I adopt the screenshots I took from advertising devices’ companies with putting web links to them, then I discuss through comparing with my equations.
In the beginning I will give an introduction to Ali’s equations and pointing to my reading about, then I will discuss with pictures-if I could- and papers why these equipment act like that. This step is servicing my situation because there are no experiments done to approve my equations so I adopt the comparison between my results and devices’ parameters or papers’ results.
In this book I follow a systemic graduation from high dense and energetic lasers to moderate until very low energy and density trying to give physical explanation according to my equations.
Then I adopt new ideas about the optimum using of these equations especially in telecommunications and satellite efficiency.
Finally I would like to thank my God to give me the power for writing this book. And I dedicate this book to my daughter Isra and to all mankind.

Essential oil of the aerial part of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. (Asterales; Asteraceae) obtained by steam distillation was analyzed by Gas Chromatograhy coupled to Mass Spectroscopy. Then the antimicrobial activity of essential oil was evaluated on reference bacteria and fungi from the Swiss Center for Scientific Research in Côte d'Ivoire. Essential oil consists mainly of monoterpenes (94.69%), aromatic hydrocarbons (4.39%) and sesquiterpenes (0.27%). The major compounds are β-myrcene (35.52%), γterpinene (26.37%), β-pinene (21.65%), limonene (9.26%) and 1-undecene (4.39%). Essential oil inhibited most of the strains tested, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Bacillus subtilus CIP, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.75 mg/ml. However, they have no effect on Salmonella typhimirium SO 66, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. This study revealed the chemical composition of the essential oil of Porophyllum ruderale. It also showed the good antimicrobial potential of this essential oil.

There is a function in physics called "s" that solves "x" as an unknown variable that allows a quantum matrix of mechanical operations to be less or more likely, in a chemical reaction. If we look deeper into the abstract relationship between mass and matter, we will see the proverbial "s" serves a purpose. It is when we are willing to consider what condition does "s" represent that we will start to see why relative objects do not relate to "s" without over inflating their value. If we are to understand the condition, we must consider what limits potential from repeating a single solution auxiliary feed, as any combined possibility. Only then will the speed of light return to its original entry point in space without releasing balanced pressure.

0 _ Quantized evolution of the Universe of energy          1 _ The four dimensions x, y, z and t in the PQMG          1.1 _ The dimension time in the PQMG is quantized          1.2 _ The dimension time in the passage between sqg states          1.3 _ Experimental observation and quantized dimension time          1.4 _ Geometric representation of dimension time in the PQMG          1.5 _ Geometric representation of the dimensions x, y, z in the PQMG          1.6 _ Experimental observation of motion and speed of phenomena in sqg states          1.7 _ Relation between the unit values of x, y, z, t in different sqg states

Science attempts to strike a balance between the corporeal world and non-physical matter, in order to provide us with a rational understanding of how dimensional particle reality subdivides itself. As any combined possibility projecting a single fixed rate of fundamental particles. If the speed of light is fixed, we are narrowing our understanding of how a single fixed rate of atomic particles rotates at a single fixed rate of its own displacement.

We are more than our corporeal bodies moving through space and time and  an equational way of relating to that chemical substrate that radiates atomic energy at the subatomic level must be accounted for, in order to equalize itself. Only then will we understand the net positive charge of its displacement, as a single fixed rate of fundamental particles.

The prevalence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is progressively increasing globally with significant regional variation. Understanding the Staphylococcus aureus lineages is crucial in controlling nosocomial infections. Recent studies on S. aureus in Uganda have revealed an escalating burden of MRSA. However, the S. aureus genotypes circulating among patients are not known. Here, we report S. aureus lineages circulating in patients with surgical site infections (SSI) at Mulago National hospital, Kampala, Uganda. A cross-sectional study involving 314 patients with SSI at Mulago National Hospital was conducted from September 2011 to April 2012. Pus swabs from the patients' SSI were processed using standard microbiological procedures. Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA were identified using phenotypic tests and confirmed by PCR-detection of the nuc and mecA genes, respectively. SCCmec genotypes were determined among MRSA isolates using ...